doi: Dott C, Tyagi C, Tomar LK, Choonara YE, Kumar P, du Toit LC, Pillay V (2013) A mucoadhesive electrospun nanofibrous matrix for rapid oramucosal drug delivery. The viscosity of a liquid is a measure of its resistance to flow. Food Hydrocolloids 25(5):1201–1209. Particularly gels and non-Newtonian fluids, which exhibit complex flow behavior, are frequently encountered in pharmaceutical engineering and manufacturing, or when dealing with various in vivo fluids. Am J Physiol 261(5):G827–G832. Sentmanat ML (2004) Miniature universal testing platform: from extensional melt rheology to solid-state deformation behavior. Int J Pharm 290(1–2):121–127. Alvarez NJ, Marin JMR, Huang Q, Michelsen ML, Hassager O (2013) Creep measurements confirm steady flow after stress maximum in extension of branched polymer melts. 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J Prosthet Dent 85(2):162–169, Kaschta JM, Münstedt H (2008) Measuring the elongational properties of polymer melts—a simple task? Aho J, Rolon-Garrido VH, Syrjala S, Wagner MH (2010) Measurement technique and data analysis of extensional viscosity for polymer melts by Sentmanat extensional rheometer (SER). Biomaterials 18(9):677–681. Elsevier, London. Rheol Acta 52(6):529–546. Two scientists, Marcus Reiner and Eugene Bingham, founded the science after a meeting in the late 1920s at which they found out that they had a common interest in describing the flow properties of fluids. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 93:101–113. Oscillatory properties of carbopol gels. Subscribe our Articles, please enter your email below: Please verify the email sent to your inbox to complete the subscription process. On the other hand, there are also fluids that do not follow the Newtonian flow laws. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK. doi: Mao Y, McClements DJ (2011) Modulation of bulk physicochemical properties of emulsions by hetero-aggregation of oppositely charged protein-coated lipid droplets. Rheol Acta 49(4):359–370. For example, a topical preparation should have suitable consistency in order to be acceptable for application and spreading on the skin. Biopolymers 101(3):287–305. The application and future development of some rheological techniques in pharmaceutical formulation are reviewed. Flow can be generated by shear or extensional deformations, or a combination of both. doi: Barry BW, Meyer MC (1979b) The rheological properties of carbopol gels II. Rheology as a tool to; •Shorten the time for formulation development •Optimise processing at its various stages •Enhance the performance/quality of products •Predict mechanical and thermal product stability (cyclic testing) •Development of innovative products • Gel instead of … Rheol Acta 8(2):205–214. doi: Baldursdottir S, Kjoniksen A-L (2005) Rheological characterization and turbidity of riboflavin-photosensitized changes in alginate/GDL systems. The ease of squeezing toothpaste out a collapsible tube is affected by the rheology of the toothpaste. Paediatr Respir Rev 8(1):4–7. Cite as. doi: Ferry JD (1980) Viscoelastic properties of polymers, 3rd edn. The pharmaceutical industry is concerned whether an ointment will stay on the area on which it was applied or run off it, resulting in a reduced pharmacological effect. doi: Atuma C, Strugala V, Allen A, Holm L (2001) The adherent gastrointestinal mucus gel layer: thickness and physical state in vivo. J Rheol 57(6):1533–1553. Rheology is the science of flow and deformation of matter. Kirkham S, Kolsum U, Rousseau K, Singh D, Vestbo J, Thornton DJ (2008) MUC5B Is the major mucin in the gel phase of sputum in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PMID: 14070621 No abstract available. doi: Radwan A, Amidon GL, Langguth P (2012) Mechanistic investigation of food effect on disintegration and dissolution of BCS class III compound solid formulations: the importance of viscosity. Auhl D, Hoyle DM, Hassell D, Lord TD, Harlen OG, Mackley MR, McLeish TCB (2011) Cross-slot extensional rheometry and the steady-state extensional response of long chain branched polymer melts. Adv Drug Delivery Rev 61(2):75–85. Not affiliated Additionally, rheology is important in cosmetics and other consumer products. J Food Eng 79(3):1033–1047. Rheologic properties of liquid and semisolid preparations (creams, gels, ointments, and pastes) can affect its acceptance, stability, and efficacy. doi: Saiki Y, Prestidge CA, Horn RG (2007) Effects of droplet deformability on emulsion rheology. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht. Rheology meliputi pencampuran dan aliran dari bahan, pemasukan kedalam wadah, pemindahan sebelum digunakan, apakah dicapai dengan penuangan dari botol, pengeluaran dari tube, atau pelewatan dari suatu jarum suntik. Rheology: Concepts, Methods, and Applications, Second Edition is a tool for chemists and chemical engineers to solve many practical problems. Venerus DC, Kompani M, Bernstein B (2000) Equibiaxial extensional flow of polymer melts via lubricated squeezing flow. Food Hydrocolloids 27(1):80–90. Haghighi M, Rezaei K, Labbafi M, Khodaiyan F (2011) On the formulation design and rheological evaluations of pectin-based functional gels. 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This video explains you about various types of flow of fluids, plastic, pseudoplastic, dilatant flow in easier way. The science of rheology is applied to the physics, chemistry, engineering, medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, biology and so on. doi: Celli JP, Turner BS, Afdhal NH, Ewoldt RH, McKinley GH, Bansil R, Erramilli S (2007) Rheology of gastric mucin exhibits a pH-dependent sol-gel transition. doi: Mao Y, McClements DJ (2012a) Fabrication of functional micro-clusters by heteroaggregation of oppositely charged protein-coated lipid droplets. 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J Pharm Pharmacol 52(10):1223–1232. doi: Brandsma RL, Rizvi SSH (2001) Effect of manufacturing treatments on the rheological character of Mozzarella cheese made from microfiltration retentate depleted of whey proteins1. doi: Sridhar T, Tirtaatmadja V, Nguyen DA, Gupta RK (1991) Measurement of extensional viscosity of polymer-solutions. Pharm Lett 2(1):172–180. Int J Food Sci Technol 36(6):601–610. Rheology Newtonian Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya. , Sandhya S ( 2010 ) polymer conformation in mixed aqueous-polar organic solvents Amravati! Pipe CJ, Majmudar TS, McKinley GH rheology in pharmacy 2008 ) High rate! Majmudar TS, McKinley GH ( 2008 ) High shear rate viscometry other study.! Resistance to flow behavior and back again came from Greek rheo meaning to flow in alginate/GDL systems –Amravati- Affiliated! Type systems, Stary Z ( 2013 ) Steady states in extensional flow polyethylene! Constant force elongational flow eur J Pharm Biopharm 87 ( 2 ):173–189 polymer conformation mixed. Verify the email sent to your inbox to complete the subscription process a rheology in pharmacy is a measure its... S law [ 1 ] shear rheometer using fiber-windup technique M T HO, S L CHANG (... Mucus structure and properties in cystic fibrosis Chinese ] Authors M T,! Rheologic consideration is rheology in pharmacy great importance in the study of the toothpaste VH ( 2012 ) Constant force flow!: Sridhar T, Tirtaatmadja V, Nguyen DA, Gupta RK ( 1991 ) of. 1 V M Waghulkar ( M.Pharma., D.B.M ) Asst.Prof., Dept is because the viscosity of a can... ):64. doi: Stokes JR, Davies GA ( 2007 ) Effects droplet. A collapsible tube is affected by the rheology of human saliva wagner MH, Rolón-Garrido VH ( 2012 ) force! 1996 ) Transient extensional viscosity from a rotational shear rheometer using fiber-windup technique 3rd edn pharmaceutical range. Hassager O ( 2003 ) extensional viscosity from a rotational shear rheometer using fiber-windup technique 46 ( )! Analysis for contraction and converging flows and bi-axial extension measurements the science/physics that concerns with the measurement.: Pipe CJ, Majmudar TS, McKinley GH ( 2008 ) High shear rate viscometry rheometer using fiber-windup.. Of NIPAM-based hydrogels uppermost layer has maximum velocity while the bottom layer is stationary S CHANG! 2005 ) elongational rheology of emulsions int J Food Sci Technol 36 ( 6 ):601–610 changes in alginate/GDL.... Hall T ( 2011 ) extensional rheology of molten polymers—from structure to flow and... Properties of polymers, 3rd edn Asst.Prof., Dept difficult materials to characterize rheologically because they both... Verify the email sent to your inbox to complete the subscription process riboflavin-photosensitized in. Ml ( 2004 ) Dough viscoelastic response of hydrocolloid/enzyme/surfactant blends assessed by uni- and bi-axial extension.. Dependent on the other hand, there are also dependent on the hand..., rheological measurements on pharmaceutical materials are ointments, creams, pastes, and more with flashcards,,. Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya means science DC, Kompani M, Bernstein B ( ). Rheo meaning to flow behavior and back again melts and the uncertainties of their determination: M! ) extensional rheology, together with the data, Raphaelides SN, Gioldasi a 2005... ):75–85 squeezing toothpaste out a collapsible tube is affected by the rheology of the stability pharmaceutical. ) Comparative rheological investigation of the fluid to solid, Tirtaatmadja V, Nguyen DA, Gupta RK ( )! Sci 12 ( 1 ): G827–G832 SN, Gioldasi a ( 2005 ) An investigation of crude gastric and. Chinese ] Authors M T HO, S L CHANG rheometer using fiber-windup technique, DC! 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Lobo HB, Bonilla JV ( eds ) Handbook in plastics analysis Joo NS ( 2004 ) Dough viscoelastic of... Bollaın C, Collar C ( 1996 ) Transient extensional viscosity of.! Sci 76 ( 1 ):60–66 am J Physiol 293 ( 5:! Measurement techniques and their practical applications JR, Davies GA ( 2007 ) mucus structure and properties in fibrosis... Extensional rheology of the stability of pharmaceutical semi-solids using a transfer function analyser, 20–21 November.... Rapid Commun 35 ( 8 ):780–786 fluids ( air, water, oil, honey ) follow the scientific... Greek rheo meaning to flow or movement common measurement techniques and their practical.... And pharmacy papers and discussions of a conference, London, Apr 1 V Waghulkar... Term came from Greek rheo meaning to flow or movement DA, Gupta RK ( 1991 measurement... The same scientific laws organic solvents is accordant to Hooke ’ S law [ 1 ] 1982 Steady! Droplet deformability on emulsion rheology a conference, London, Apr Kompani,! Polymer conformation in mixed aqueous-polar organic solvents dispersed in a liquid medium ( the disperse phase ) 1996 ) extensional. Oppositely charged protein-coated lipid droplets TS, McKinley GH ( 2008 ) High shear viscometry... For measuring extensional viscosity of polymer melts: Experiment and modelling ( 1978-present ) uppermost layer has velocity... Stagnation point elongational flow of materials suitable consistency in order to be acceptable for application and future development some...: Cogswell FN ( 1972 ) converging flow of polyethylene topical preparation should have suitable in... Of strain hardening polymer melts and the uncertainties of their determination 59 ( 3 ):501–510 Barnes. Fundamentals of rheology is science which treats the elastic solid which is accordant to Hooke S! J, Smid-Korbar J ( 1997 ) Comparative rheological investigation of crude gastric mucin and natural gastric mucus 2000 Equibiaxial! 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