Editor Wrong turn led whales to crocodile-infested river? Certainly not, because development is for the wellbeing of people and the state fares the best in India. The Truth Behind the Gujarat Growth Model. Bhagwathi thinks that the Kerala model of development is not sustainable as it has no resource base. Kerala model is primarily about redistribution and state-driven development. The question of growth vs development is in focus again, with the recent Amartya Sen–Jagdish Bhagwati debates regarding development vs growth and Kerala model vs Gujarat model. The Kerala model of development refers to the practices adopted in the state of Kerala, India.Characterized strong social indicators such as education, healthcare, high life expectancy, low infant mortality and low birth rate, often at levels comparable to developed countries despite having a low per capita income. The underlying logic was that growth and industrial development will play a bigger role in reducing poverty. Besides, all households were given free rations for three months to cope with the lockdown. In a broad sense, the Gujarat model privileges growth and infrastructure development. In 2013-14, two of India’s top economists — Amartya Sen and Jagdish Bhagwati — were engaged in a very public, often vitriolic, spat over the Gujarat vs Kerala model of development. This is a Model that celebrates the collective efforts of the people of Gujarat. At that, Kerala which is blessed with top standard social indicators trails by high crime rate against women and children and suicide rate. He argues that achievements in social infrastructure can be possible only at the support of economic infrastructure and growth. Gujarat’s population is growing much faster than Kerala’s—an estimated 12% vs 7.4% in the past decade. A market-friendly, growth-first approach that raises incomes and eventually leads to … By continuing to use the site, you agree to the use of … In a broad sense, the Gujarat model privileges growth and infrastructure development. Amartya Sen and Jean Drez- supported Kerala Model of Development. © 2020 JournalsOfIndia - A free initiative by Manifest Team. Sen believed that without the investment in social infrastructure inequality will widen and the growth process itself will falter. Although Kerala lagged other Indian states in terms of economic growth, it was noted that in terms of social and health parameters, such as literacy levels, life expectancy and infant mortality rate, Kerala’s performance was like that of the developed countries. In 2013-14, the Gujarat versus the Kerala model of development used to be a hot topic of discussion. 8.7 lakh crores. Biggest paradox in these models of development is the highest unemployment rate in Kerala with lowest poverty ratio and lowest unemployment rate in Gujarat with higher poverty ratio. • Kerala model is primarily about redistribution and state-driven development. While lakhs of jobless, hungry migrant labourers in some states made a beeline to return to their home states, Kerala took good care of them by setting up over 4,600 relief centres housing about 1.5 lakh migrant labourers. In terms of numbers, Kerala’s Human Development Index (HDI) is 0.825, while that of Gujarat is 0.599, which is termed as just “medium”. Covid-19 has punctured an embarrassing hole in the so-called ‘Gujarat model’ of development whereas Kerala’s development experience continues to impress the world. The GSVA composition (Table 2) of Gujarat and Kerala … In any Kerala versus Gujarat model debate, it is difficult to separate political biases from the conclusions drawn. The famous ‘Gujarat Model’ of development has been a topic for debate ever since the term was coined in the second half of the last decade. The model of growth followed by the nation as a whole in India is the synchronization of various models of growth since its independence (Nagaraj, 2012). Per capita income (net state domestic product) in Kerala was estimated at over Rs 2 lakh as against over Rs 1.9 lakh in Gujarat during 2018-19. One of the most popular growth models that are frequently compared for its uniqueness is the growth models of Gujarat and Kerala. Asian mosquito species threaten African cities, The Lead | M Visveswaraya: An engineer par excellence. In 2013-14, two of India’s top economists — Amartya Sen and Jagdish Bhagwati — were engaged in a very public, often vitriolic, spat over the Gujarat vs Kerala model of development. The debate is a shorthand for which model of development should a state pursue? Gujarat model as a metaphor for a primarily growth and private entrepreneurship driven development, It believes in top-down development model→ trickle-down approach + more of centralised planning and implementation. Printer Friendly Version. “Kerala Model” in our book is a metaphor for a primarily redistribution and statedriven development while “Gujarat Model” is the metaphor for a primarily growth and private-entrepreneurship driven development. Please enter your username or email address to reset your password. A market-friendly, growth-first approach that raises incomes and eventually leads to better societal outcomes. Karnataka model of development and Tamil Nadu model of development models are being vouched as alternate models of development. 2004). If we want to evaluate Modi and his development model, we should look at two things: Compare the rate of Kerala's development in the past 10 years with the rate of Gujarat's development in the past 10 years. Kerala’s progressive policies since decades, investment in public health and education, robust local government institutions, a well-functioning public distribution system in urban and rural areas, community mobilisation, apart from aggressive testing, tracing, isolation and treatment of vulnerable or infected people has enabled Kerala to tame the Covid-19 pandemic. Kerala happened to be the real ‘model’ for all states and showed its humanistic face of development with its incredible performance in health and education indicators which are reflected as lowest poverty ratio, infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate and drop out ratio, and highest literacy, life expectancy, sex ratio, women- enrolment ratio in higher education and schooling years. And this is what the BJP’s prime ministerial aspirant, Narendra Modi, promises the masses. As is well-known, right from the 60s and 70s, the United Nations and international development agencies have praised the Kerala model of development. In a broad sense, the Gujarat model privileges growth and infrastructure development. 100 Indicators are picked to compare the performance of the states — Gujarat, uttar Pradesh, Tamilnadu and kerala. They suggest that Kerala’s high social indicators have much less to do with the so-called Kerala model, and more to do with global trade, growth-oriented policies and private-sector participation. Figures of industrial growth or quality of life? Mazumdar says growth does not automatically translate into development … UNDP, the sponsor of Human Development Index methodology since 1990, reported India's HDI to be 0.554 for 2012, an 18% increase over its 2008 HDI. But during the 2014 general elections, Narendra Modi and the BJP unleashed propaganda extolling the virtues of the ‘Gujarat model’ of development. The Kerala model, on the other hand, privileged a rights-based approach to development … ABOUT: In a broad sense, the Gujarat model privileges growth and infrastructure development. West Bengal also priorities their spending on rural development (10.8% vs 3.4% in Gujarat) and education (17% vs 15% in Gujarat) but Gujarat allocated more money of their budget on Housing sector(1.8% vs 0.7% in WB) and welfare of SC & ST (2.6% vs 1.2% in WB). The Kerala model, on the other hand, privileged a rights-based approach to development with a strong emphasis on social and human development. (The author is … In popular discourse, Kerala is the ultimate Exhibit A in human development indicators, and this is said to be the result of state spending on social sectors like education and health. This article has been deleted on the author's request. Gujarat, a high income state in the country is a step ahead to Kerala in income per capita. The Truth Behind the Gujarat Growth Model. If we want to evaluate Modi and his development model, we should look at two things: Compare the rate of Kerala's development in the past 10 years with the rate of Gujarat's development in the past 10 years. Believes in bottom-up development + decentralised planning and development Amartya Sen and Jean Drez- supported Kerala Model of Development. Different aspects of economic growth and social indicators have been observed. NEW DELHI: A new development index has identified Gujarat as a less developed state, while ranking Odisha and Bihar along with eight others as “least developed” and Goa and Kerala … (World development vol.29, no ², pp.601-617,2001 The new kerala model: lessons for sustainable development rene veron). As such the Kerala Model vs. Gujarat Model debate is a longstanding one. Table 1 compares the same from FY’15 to demonstrate that Gujarat has grown at 12.6% YoY … Guests: Ganapathy Subramaniam, Chief of Bureau, Puthiya Thalaimurai ; Shyam Jaju, National Vice Presidents, BJP ; Krishna Kumar S, Asst. Before comparing Gujarat model and Kerala model, I would like to say that the two models are entirely different ,so a comparison between the two wouldn't be fair. Theoretical and empirical evidence suggest that there is a positive relationship between economic growth and social development. National Apprenticeship Training Scheme (NATS), USA’s S301 report on Equalisation Levy and Indian Response, Development support services to states by NITI AYOG. As per Rural Health Statistics for 2018-19, although Gujarat had a higher number of Primary Health Centres (PHC) than Kerala, the average rural population served by a PHC in Gujarat is double that in Kerala. Gujarat’s development journey is characterized as development oriented, inclusive and participative. The underlying logic was that growth and industrial development will play a bigger role in reducing poverty. Gujarat even reported 92 PHCs without any doctor whereas there were no such PHCs in Kerala. © 2020 The Printers (Mysore) Private Ltd. India's role in Covid-19 vaccine critical: Bill Gates, Apple Event 2020: New Watches, iPad and more, SSR case: NCB arrests 2 more persons in drug probe, India's economy to contract 9% in FY21: ADB, Biting the hand that feeds: Jaya Bachchan hits back, Actors Diganth, Aindrita Ray get notice from CCB, Ali Khan becomes first American in IPL cricket, Aus addicted to fossil fuel with oil, gas subsidies, Trump hosts Israel, Bahrain, UAE peace ceremony, Karnataka Congress targets ruling BJP over drug scandal, A freshly killed chicken is mightier than Covid-19, Ragini mixes water in urine sample to 'cheat' drug test, Want the team at SAI till end of year: Reid, Non-stop Bengaluru-San Francisco flight from 2021. Gujarat model of development and other growth stories - Love it or loathe it, the Gujarat model of development under the leadership of Narendra Modi is setting the terms of the debates around the upcoming elections. These figures are a cummulative result of decades, perhaps even centuries, old history of what happened in Kerala and Gujarat. He argues that achievements in social infrastructure can be possible only at the support of economic infrastructure and growth. The active private participation and the emergence of entrepreneurs have contributed to this phenomenal growth. The Bhagwati-Panagariya duo argues that whatever Kerala had achieved was thanks to a growth-oriented approach. The article noted that as soon as reports emerged about the virus from Wuhan, the minister consulted medical experts and, after a meeting of a rapid response team on January 24, set up a control room and instructed medical officers in the state’s 14 districts to do likewise. In terms of numbers, Kerala’s Human Development Index (HDI) is 0.825, while that of Gujarat is 0.599, which is termed as just “medium”. Number crunching Gujarat model: The gleam of state’s high growth numbers hides dark reality of poverty, inequality An analysis of data shows that the Gujarat model … The Niti Aayog’s Health Index (HI) comprising of 23 indicators for 2017-18 clearly show that Kerala leads other Indian states with an HI of 74; Gujarat trailed at 63.5. The Kerala Model focused on marching to economic development through desirable social changes. ... Battle of Models: Gujarat Vs Kerala - … Gujarat clearly outscores Kerala on the economic development indices. The Kerala model, on the other hand, privileged a rights-based approach to development with a strong emphasis on social and human development. Newsclick discusses this question with Surajit Mazumdar, Professor at the School of Liberal Studies, Ambedkar University, Delhi. Kerala Model of Development took on the theory that economic growth is the only way to meet basic needs of people in poverty, to raise them above poverty, and generate employment. Jagdish Bhagwati and Aravind Panagariya, preferred Gujarat Model of Development. According to the UN, Kerala’s human development is “very high” that no other state can match. It is therefore appropriate to review how the two states have fared during the Covid-19 pandemic. In a broad sense, the Gujarat model privileges growth and infrastructure development. In today's episode of 'Taal Thok Ke' we will discuss- Is Gujarat the development model of country? The crowning moment for Kerala was the recovery of a 93-year-old man and his 88-year-old wife from Covid-19 despite having co-morbidities. Among the noticeable weaknesses of the … This is a special segment of Taal Thok Ke in which we bring you a panel discussion on concurrent issues. Kerala became the toast of the international media for the effective way in which it tackled the Covid-19 pandemic early on. When the countrywide lockdown was imposed from March 25, Kerala had the highest number of Covid-19 patients in the country after Maharashtra in the initial weeks. Number crunching Gujarat model: The gleam of state’s high growth numbers hides dark reality of poverty, inequality An analysis of data shows that the Gujarat model … The Kerala model is as much about growth creating better human development numbers. After huge incentives to corporate units, the Gujarat government is left with limited funds for education, health, environment and employment for the masses. Kerala’s population was 3.34 crores in 2011; CRS data suggests it is an estimated 3.58 crores in 2020. In 2008 … Gujarat by now has a very well diversified and dynamic structure of the economy with a large and expanding industrial sector, a high degree of commercialized agriculture and allied activities, and a relatively large degree of urbanization. This article has been deleted on the author's request. Under-5 mortality rate in Gujarat was 49%, compared to 12% in Kerala. 16.7 lakh crores in FY’20 as against Kerala’s GSDP of Rs. They suggest that Kerala's high social indicators have much less to do with the so-called Kerala model, and more to do with global trade, growth-oriented policies and private-sector participation. Literacy level in Kerala at 94% is much higher than in Gujarat (79%). "Kerala Model" in our book is a metaphor for a primarily redistribution and statedriven development while "Gujarat Model" is the metaphor for a primarily growth and private-entrepreneurship driven development. The Gujarat development model has become an object of desire for much of India. Theoretical and empirical evidences suggest that there is a positive relationship between economic growth and social development. What do you need? These figures are a cummulative result of decades, perhaps even centuries, old history of what happened in Kerala and Gujarat. And this is what the BJP’s prime ministerial aspirant, Narendra Modi, promises the masses. Kerala Labour Minister Shibu Baby John came under fire Saturday for meeting Gujarat Chief Minister Narendra Modi to study the success of the Gujarat model of development. Taal Thok Ke (Special Edition): Is Gujarat the development model of country? capita NSDP shows its inclusive nature of development while that of Gujarat is more exclusive as its phenomenal economic growth in the current decades has never been accompanied by respective growth of per capita NSDP. Poverty level in Gujarat was 16.6% compared to 7% in Kerala as per 2011-12 estimates. Gujarat can be seen only as a “growth model”, while Kerala’s model is “human development … Kerala Vs Gujarat The Bhagwati-Panagariya duo argues that whatever Kerala had achieved was thanks to a growth-oriented approach. The urban-rural divide is also more glaring in Gujarat. For Gujarat, some recent rates of change might look impressive, as it is on a small base, while for Kerala even incremental changes on high levels are impressive as they are difficult to come by. Editor The Gujarat development model has become an object of desire for much of India. Gujarat clearly outscores Kerala on the economic development indices. Gujarat’s process and progress in agricultural and industrial sectors have really erected it to the top income generating states. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Gujarat is a Top 5 economy in India, with a GSDP of Rs. This vision and focus gets reflected in policies and work of various government agencies. Demographics, education, economy, Healthcare, Social … Sen believes that investment in … The two economists described the Gujarat model as a metaphor for a primarily growth and private entrepreneurshipdriven development and the Kerala model for a primarily redistribution and state-driven development. To establish the claim that Modi had a transformative impact on Gujarat’s growth trajectory, we The national average HDI for India in 2008 was 0.467. Data shows economic development and human capital are equally necessary. Critically evaluate . This includes personalising content and advertising. However, the economic development has not been necessarily accompanied adequately by social development, especially in the case of Gujarat. (See Table 1). We use cookies to understand how you use our site and to improve user experience. Kerala model is primarily about redistribution and state-driven development. 1. 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